ANALISIS POLIMORFISME PROMOTER GEN FEROPORTIN (FPN1) -1355G/C DAN STATUS BESIPADA REMAJA PUTRI PONDOK PESANTREN DI YOGYAKARTA

Wahyuni, Sri (2015) ANALISIS POLIMORFISME PROMOTER GEN FEROPORTIN (FPN1) -1355G/C DAN STATUS BESIPADA REMAJA PUTRI PONDOK PESANTREN DI YOGYAKARTA. Masters thesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada.

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Abstract

Background: According to WHO data, the incidence of anemia in non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Indonesia is 33.1%, that is higher than prevalence of anemia in the world (30.2%). Ferroportin (FPN1) is one of important gene in iron metabolism encodes ferroportin for iron absorption, release, and recycle inside the body. The variant of FPN1 -1355G/C in promoter region leads to increases of ferroportin expression and iron export, increases of cellular iron needs, decreases of hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels that manifest to iron deficiency anemia. Objectives. To investigate the frequency of FPN1 -1355G/C polymorphism as a risk factor of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and to assess iron statusand iron intake among adolescent girls in Islamic Boarding School in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods. In this case-control study, we enrolled 20 adolescent girls with IDA dan 52 healthy adolescent girls, and analyze their complete blood count, genotypes, and iron intake. Promoter FPN1-1355G/C genotypes were determined using PCRRFLP method. Serum ferritin levels were measured with ELISA. Serum iron levels were determined using colorimetric method. Iron intake was assessed by Food Records and Food Frequency Quesionairre.Categorical variables were analyzed by Chi-Square or Fisher’s exact tests. Correlation between iron intake and serum ferritin levels or serum iron levelswere calculated using Pearson dan Spearman correlation tests. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Genotypes distribution were 38.5% for CC, 53.8% for CG, and 7.7% for GG in IDA group. The genotype frequencies were CC 36.5%, CG 55.8% and GG 7.7% in control group. The odds ratio (OR) of C allele having IDA was 2.036 (95% CI, 0.518-7.995, p=0.249). Subjectscarrying C allelle in IDA group had lower serum ferritin levels and serum iron levels than non-IDA group (p = 0.000 and p = 0.02, respectively). There was no significant difference in hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte indices between genotype groups. There was no significant correlation between iron intake and serum ferritin levels (r = -0.074, p = 0.535), but there was a significant correlation between iron intake and serum iron levels (r = 0.239, p = 0.043). Conclusions. Our study suggests that C allele of FPN1 -1355G/C genetic polymorphism is a risk factor for iron deficiency anemia among adolescent girls. There was a significant correlation between iron intake and serum iron levelsin this study.

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